CV Lab 01 · Module 1 — Foundations

Pixels & Digital Images

Zoom into any image far enough and the picture dissolves into a grid of numbers. This lab lets you take an image apart, pixel by pixel, and see exactly what a computer sees.

Move your cursor over the image (tap on mobile) to inspect individual pixels below.

Grid resolution 64 × 48 px

Pixel Inspector

#000000
R 0   G 0   B 0
Grayscale 0 / 255

7 × 7 Neighbourhood Matrix

Each square = one pixel near your cursor. Its colour is the pixel's actual RGB; the number is its grayscale value (0 = black, 255 = white). The amber-bordered square in the middle is the pixel your cursor is on right now.

Why show a 7 × 7 patch? Almost every operation later in this series — blur, sharpen, edge detection — never looks at one pixel alone. It looks at a small neighbourhood exactly like this one and does maths across it. Get comfortable reading this grid; it's the raw material the rest of computer vision runs on.

What's actually going on here?

What is a pixel?

"Pixel" = picture element. It's the smallest unit of a digital image — one square, one colour, one set of numbers. A 1920×1080 photo is really just a spreadsheet with over 2 million rows, each holding three numbers.

How does the computer see it?

Every pixel stores three brightness values — Red, Green, Blue — each between 0 (none) and 255 (full). Mixing those three amounts produces every colour on your screen. That's why our inspector shows R, G, B as plain numbers, not "colours."

Why it matters

Every operation later in this series — blur, edge detection, thresholding — is just arithmetic performed on this grid of numbers. Understand the grid, and the rest of computer vision stops feeling like magic.

Predict, then verify

Drag the "Grid resolution" slider above down to 8 × 6 px. Before you look — how low do you think the resolution can go before the sample scene becomes unrecognisable?